1690 Francesco Rugeri cello

First acquisition of the Steinwachs–Heinl Rare Stringed Instrument Collection

Made by Francesco Rugeri (c. 1620–1697), of Cremona, Italy. Francesco Rugeri has traditionally been considered a student of Nicolò Amati, although there is no documentary evidence that he was present in the Amati workshop. The two families certainly had a close social relationship, with Amati acting as godfather to one of Rugeri’s sons. Rugeri’s most prolific period was the 1670s–80s, and his work at that time follows that of Amati closely. Historically, Rugeri’s largest impact may have been his experimentation with smaller cello models (today’s 4/4 size) some 20 years before Stradivari and Andrea Guarneri began to move away from the large cello designs typical of the period. As a result, Rugeri’s cellos are highly regarded today.

The cello was restored in 2009 at Geo. Heinl & Co. Limited, Toronto. The restoration allowed for a complete and in-depth study of all parts, both external and internal. It was found that the cello retained nearly all the original pieces used in its creation, including the varnish and the original label dated 1690. The cello is truly a remarkable specimen from the golden age of Cremonese making. Of note, residing at the Royal Academy of Music is a sister cello from 1695. The exceptional woods harvested for the top plate and back plate match those used in this cello.

The two-piece back of slab-cut maple displays irregular figure, ascending slightly from the centre joint. The ribs are of matching material. The scroll is of similar material. The two-piece top of narrow-to-medium-width grain, broadens towards the flanks. The varnish is an orange-brown over amber. The cello is in fine restored state.

Lender: Council for Canadian American Relations as part of the Steinwachs–Heinl Rare Stringed Instrument Collection
Acquired: 2025